Discovering the most distant black hole ever discovered. He lived only 740 million years after the Big Bang. The James Webb Space Telescope has made another discovery that challenges the theory of the universe.
Black hole merger – Astronomers used the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to detect a supermassive black hole. One of the most distant pairs of stars in the known universe, each of these cosmic monsters is thought to have a mass equivalent to 50 million times that of the Sun. It is more than 13 billion light-years away from Earth, and it occurred only 740 million years after the Big Bang. This may help answer one of the great questions in cosmology.
“One of the problems we face in cosmology is explaining how these black holes arise and grow,” said Professor Roberto Maiolino, an astrophysicist from the University of Cambridge: “How can we make it so massive?”
“In the past we were talking about rapid ingestion or a huge birth. But there is another possibility. Professor Maiolino added: “They grow very quickly by merging together.”
Although it is not the largest black hole, or the oldest ever discovered, this pair of merging black holes may reveal some yet-to-be-explained clues about how objects that formed in the early universe grew so quickly. This result indicates that merger was likely a major factor in the rapid growth of black holes since the beginning of the universe.
In a report published in the Monthly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society, the James Webb Infrared Telescope was used to survey the galaxy ZS7, one of the galaxies that formed at the beginning of the universe and is known as the “galactic galaxy.” “Cosmic dawn”
Previous surveys revealed that this galaxy may contain a supermassive black hole at its center, feeding the monster with surrounding matter. Detailed observations made by the James Webb Space Telescope have confirmed this phenomenon. By seeing the bright light emitted as hot gas and dust flows into the black hole's crater,
The movement of the dense gas cloud around the black hole indicates that it is continuing to grow. As it approaches the second black hole. This is one step in the process of merging into more massive black holes.
“Thanks to Webb’s ability to capture images with unprecedented clarity, this enabled our team to spatially separate the two black holes,” said lead author Hannah Opler from the University of Cambridge. “Our work shows that massive black holes can shape the evolution of galaxies from the beginning.” .
Black holes are the most unusually massive objects in the universe. This gives it such a strong gravitational force that nothing, not even light, can escape from it. Currently, black holes often form as a result of the collapse of massive stars. A supernova explodes and grows by consuming gas, dust, stars and other matter in the surrounding galaxy.
The hungriest and most active black holes may become supermassive. Their size can range from a few hundred thousand to several billion solar masses. One of the main ways in which supermassive black holes are formed is through the merger of supermassive black holes and supermassive black holes. It is a phenomenon that can be found today
But massive black holes that have accumulated in the universe since ancient times add evidence to the idea that black holes had a profound impact on the evolution of early galaxies. Causing growth faster than current cosmological theories can explain
However, the James Webb Space Telescope has previously discovered six galaxies that formed during the dawn of the universe. But the strange thing is that it is too large to be explained by current theories. Therefore, this discovery may be the solution to this problem.
“This may be the real channel for the rapid growth of early black holes,” Professor Maiolino said.
While Professor Andrew Pontzen (Andrew Pontzen), a cosmologist from University College London, which has nothing to do with this research. He added, “One of the major gaps in the history book of our universe is that where do these giant black holes with a mass of millions or billions of times the mass of the Sun come from?
“They were born big. Or were they created from small black holes that collided to become giant black holes? New evidence from the James Webb Telescope. This is indirect evidence. But it highlights the important role that black hole collisions play.”
The legacy of these massive mergers remains today in the form of gravitational waves. They are ripples that occur in the structure of space-time that Einstein predicted. This was confirmed in the LIGO (Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory) gravitational detector.
But this discovery allows scientists to “see” these processes for the first time. But ground-based equipment still has limitations, and the James Webb Space Telescope was not designed to make such observations. Scientists hope that a new gravitational wave detector scheduled for launch in 2035 called LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) will provide them with more detailed information.
Researched and edited by Witit Borompichaichartkul
Image source: ESA/Webb, NASA, CSA, J. Dunlop, D. Magee, P. G. Pérez-González, H. Übler, R. Maiolino, et. the
Origin
https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/531/1/355/7671512?login=false
https://esawebb.org/news/weic2413/#msdynttrid=df-jxjyorUtp7QIx4UYsuZ8XT5vi3kMuAOltl7uaIsg
https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/webb-detects-most-distant-black-hole-merger-to-date
https://www.iflscience.com/webb-telescope-spots-most-distant-black-hole-merger-ever-detected-74264
James Webb black hole camera
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