Hamas, which was founded in 1987, is considered an offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt. Founded in the 1920s (we probably know and remember the name of the Muslim Brotherhood, right?) Hamas is an abbreviation for the Islamic Resistance Movement (which in English means Islamic Resistance Movement). Hamas’s goal is to “present an Islamic alternative to the nationalist and leftist groups that dominated the Palestinian arena at the time in resisting Israel.”
Hamas has become active and popular through the events of the intifada. To understand Hamas better, we need to look back in time and consider what the uprising was and who played what roles. Because the relationship between Israel and Palestine is complex and requires a lot of background to be able to understand the picture.
The Intifada is an attempt by Palestinian groups to expel Israel from its territories (the West Bank and Gaza Strip) in order to establish a true Palestinian state. The Intifada occurred twice, the first in December 1987 and ending in September 1993. Historically, the Oslo Accords are the agreements that laid the foundations for peace and tranquility between Israel and the Palestinian Authority. The second intifada (some call it the Al-Aqsa Intifada) broke out in September 2000 and has faded since then. By the end of 2005, the damage caused by both intifadas had been such that 5,000 Palestinians and 1,400 Israelis had been killed.
To understand the origins of the first round of the intifada, we have to go back in time to 1977, when the (far-right) Likud party won the Israeli elections. He follows a policy of pressure on the Palestinians and made clear that the West Bank and Gaza must belong to Israel. Therefore, the Palestinians refused to surrender and protested. There are clashes from time to time. Until December 1987, there was an incident in which an Israeli was killed in a stabbing attack carried out by a Palestinian. This led to the killing of four Palestinian workers by the Israelis in retaliation.
This incident sparked more clashes and protests. From gathering, clashing and protesting by throwing stones and sticks, he upgraded to using rifles and grenades instead. The reason is that Israeli police and soldiers are using violence to suppress the protests. More intense than before with clashes and battles that continued for a long time. This led the leader of the Palestinian group known as the Palestine Liberation Organization to believe that the incident would not end unless the two sides opened channels for discussion and negotiation. If both sides used more violence the event would never end, and in 1988 the PLO leader (Arafat’s left) accepted the conditions proposed by the United States to open a channel for negotiations between the United States and Palestine. Let Palestinian groups condemn all acts of terrorism. Recognizing that Israel has the right to occupy certain territories.
Because the Intifada was a heavy burden on the Israeli government, a new government came in 1992. The basic policy is to negotiate with the Palestine Liberation Organization to achieve peace and tranquility. This paves the way for the Oslo Accords, an agreement in which Israel will officially recognize the Palestine Liberation Organization as the representative of the Palestinian people. Israel will accept withdrawal and withdraw periodically from certain areas in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, and upon withdrawal, Palestine will be allowed to administer the region on its own.
It is considered an agreement that people all over the world applaud. Because it was like the first time there was hope that there would be peace in the Middle East of the world. But while Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization are joining forces to achieve peace, the new group that has emerged and emerged (Hamas) strongly disagrees with this, as it condemns, rejects and rejects the Oslo Accords in all respects. At the extreme, attacking and harming the Israeli people in ways that resemble terrorism. I do not know if this is the reason for the failure of the Oslo Accords or if it is just an excuse. Because Israel did not leave the entire region according to the agreement. They also increased their strength to control those areas, and the Palestinian side also increased its weapons and strength to protect itself. Provoking Israel from time to time. Thus was the origin of the second intifada.
Next week I would like to continue talking about Hamas and its origins. Today it is considered to be paving the way to some extent. Next week, I will continue to pave the way.
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